Add the olive oil to a large pot or dutch oven on medium heat. Let the oil get hot, then add the onion. Once the onion starts to sizzle, turn the heat down a bit. Cook over low heat for about 10 minutes, until the onions are light brown and slightly caramelized.
Add the garlic and jalapeno and cook for another minute. Add the cumin seeds, oregano, cayenne, salt and pepper.
Add the beans and broth. Bring everything to a boil, then turn the heat down to low. Put a lid on the pot and let it cook for 45 minutes to an hour. Stir occasionally to make sure that nothing sticks.
Once the onion and bean mixture has cooked for 45 minutes to an hour, add the cauliflower and chilies. Let the mixture cook for approximately 20 minutes, or until the cauliflower is tender.
Add the cream cheese, and cheddar and stir until it melts into the chili. Taste it and adjust salt, pepper and cayenne according to your taste.
Serve the chili with finely chopped scallions or a bit of cilantro on top and some nice crusty bread on the side.